Ethical Communication in Surrogacy: Best Practices for Agencies, Clinics, and Attorneys

Clear, respectful communication is at the heart of ethical surrogacy. Whether supporting Intended Parents, Surrogates, or Donors, fertility professionals play a central role in making sure that everyone understands the process, expectations, risks, and responsibilities involved in assisted reproduction.

When communication is thoughtful and consistent, the entire journey becomes safer, more transparent, and more inclusive.

This article outlines the best practices agencies, clinics, and attorneys can follow to maintain ethical and culturally aware communication throughout the surrogacy process.

Why Ethical Communication Matters

Surrogacy involves complex medical, legal, emotional, and cultural layers. Miscommunication can lead to confusion, unmet expectations, or ethical concerns. Ethical communication:

• Ensures informed consent

• Reduces misunderstanding

• Builds trust between all parties

• Creates a respectful and supportive environment

• Strengthens long term professional relationships

When professionals communicate with clarity and empathy, clients feel confident and supported.

1. Provide Transparent and Consistent Information

Transparency is one of the most important responsibilities for reproductive professionals. Agencies and clinics should ensure that:

• All parties receive the same core information

• Costs, timelines, and expectations are explained clearly

• Medical and legal processes are described without pressure

• Information is updated when policies or laws change

Consistent communication prevents confusion and supports ethical decision making.

2. Use Clear and Accessible Language

Many participants in surrogacy may not be familiar with medical or legal terminology. To ensure understanding:

• Avoid jargon or explain it carefully

• Provide translated materials for non English speakers

• Offer visual aids or written summaries

• Encourage questions at every stage

Accessibility is essential for true informed consent.

3. Communicate With Cultural Sensitivity

Cultural beliefs influence communication styles, expectations, and decision making. Professionals should consider:

• Preferred communication styles (direct vs indirect)

• Family involvement in decisions

• Cultural values regarding pregnancy or medical risk

• Language preferences or translation needs

Culturally aware communication reduces bias and promotes fairness for participants from diverse backgrounds.

4. Encourage Open Dialogue and Questions

Participants should feel safe expressing their concerns or asking for clarification. Agencies and clinics can support this by:

• Creating a welcoming, non judgmental environment

• Scheduling check ins throughout the process

• Encouraging Surrogates and Intended Parents to voice concerns early

• Providing opportunities for private conversations

Open dialogue builds confidence and supports ethical transparency.

5. Document Important Information Clearly

Documentation protects both clients and professionals. Important communication should be confirmed in writing, including:

• Medical updates

• Legal changes or contract edits

• Compensation agreements

• Expectations for appointments or procedures

Clear documentation prevents misunderstandings later in the journey.

6. Ensure That Each Party Has Independent Support

Ethical communication includes guiding participants to the right support systems, such as:

• Independent legal counsel

• Mental health professionals

• Medical staff who can explain risks and procedures

• Cultural or linguistic support when needed

When parties are supported by their own advisors, communication becomes more balanced and ethical.

7. Prioritize Respectful and Empathetic Communication

Respect is essential. Professionals can demonstrate this by:

• Listening without judgment

• Acknowledging concerns

• Allowing time for decision making

• Speaking with empathy during emotional situations

Empathy strengthens ethical relationships and protects the emotional well being of everyone involved.

Conclusion

Ethical communication is more than sharing information. It is about building trust, promoting understanding, and ensuring that every participant is treated with dignity. By communicating clearly, respectfully, and with cultural awareness, fertility professionals help create a fair, inclusive, and ethical foundation for surrogacy.

CARE is committed to supporting professionals with resources and guidance that strengthen ethical communication across the reproductive field.